Satish A. Bhalerao, Deepa R. Verma, Vinod kumar S. Didwana, and Nikhil C. Teli
Tinospora cordifolia (Thunb.) Miersis an annual or perennial Ayurvedic plant belongs to family Menispermaceae which is used in several traditional medicines to cure various diseases. It is a glabrous and succulent shrub. It is commonly named as “Guduchi”. This weed has been known to possess immunomodulatory, hypoglycaemic, jaundice, rheumatism, urinary diseases, anemia and for its antiallergic and anti-inflammatory properties. The plant mainly contains alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, sesquiterpenoid, aliphatic compound, essential oils, mixture of fatty acids and polysaccharides. A wide range of chemical compounds including Aporphine alkaloids, clerodanediterpenes, berberine, palmatine, tembertarine, magniflorine, choline, and tinosporin etc. have been isolated from this plant. The Alkaloids like Berberine, Palmatine, Tembetarine, Magnoflorine Choline, Tinosporin etc., and Glycoside like Tinocordiside, Tinocordifolioside etc. The most important biological properties reported are antioxidant, anti-diabetic, antiinflammatory, anti-arthritic, anti-stress, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory and anti-neoplastic activities. This paper presents a critical review in areas of chemical constituents, proved pre-clinical and clinical trials along with its medicinal uses in different streams of medical sciences.
The present Ethnobotanical study was carried out with the help of the local people, Tribal people, Medicine men and Farmers of Agra district, Uttar Pradesh, who were using Madhuca indica species which is a medicinally important plant belonging to family Sapotaceae. The various morphological parts of this plant such as root, timber, bark, flower, seed are used to treat various diseases like cold, fever, cough, diarrhea, dysentery, skin diseases, toothache, indigestion, and liver diseases and as an wound healing, rheumatism, headache and treatment of neurotic disorder.
Phytochemical constituents are responsible to medicinal values of plant species which has been used for human ailments. Hence, in the present study has focused on preliminary phytochemical screening and antibacterial activities of Caralluma adscendens. The dry stems were extracted using hexane, petroleum ether, methanol and water. The phytochemical analysis has confirmed the presence of various secondary metabolites like saponins, triterpenoids, steroids, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides and flavonoids. Antibacterial activity was studied against Gram positive bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus and Entrococcus and Gram negative bacteria like Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli. Inhibitory effects were compared with standard antibiotic gentamycin. Methanol extract was shown various secondary metabolites and was effective against tested bacteria. The results suggest that the phytochemical properties possess potential antimicrobial activities for curing various ailments, which leads to isolate new and novel compounds.
