In this study, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoflower structures were made by precipitating zinc sulphate heptahydrate and sodium hydroxide in a 1:2 ratio in aqueous solution with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The properties of the synthesised ZnO nanoflower were investigated using XRD and SEM after calcination at 500 ⁰C for 4 hours. According to the XRD findings, the synthesised ZnO nanoparticles had a pure hexagonal (wurtzite) structure with a P63mc space party (no. 186). SEM analysis revealed that the resulting ZnO is of the nanoflower form. CTAB is important in the formation of flowers such as ZnO.

It has been observed that about 33% urban and 25% rural Indians are hypertensive. Hence Banana peel was used to develop a new product to reduce LDL level as it contains phytosterol. Hence, Quantification of phytosterol and development of functional product and quality evaluation of the same was the objective. Dwarf cavendish banana peel was powdered. Quantification of phytosterol in unripe peel was analysed by GC-MS and the powder was incorporated to developed cookies. The physical properties of both the powder (ripen, semi-ripen, unripen Peel) and cookies were studied. The data collected was analysed by SPSS method. The mean score for water absorption and bulk density of the semi-ripen was highest (4.57±0.05) and (0.51±0.01) respectively whereas ripen (6.13±0.06) had highest swelling index. Unripe Banana peel possess phytosterols like β-Sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol. Overall acceptability score of V2 was best accepted formulated cookies. The thickness and spread ratio of T0 and V2 was (5.83±0.75) and (7.26±1.15), (6.55±1.00) and (5.42±1.00) respectively and was negatively correlated (-0.975) to each other. Hence, as there is high content of phytosterol present in peel, new food product development will help to reduce the LDL levels, and high level of Potassium will also enhance the anti-hypertensive property of the cookies. They can be consumed by people who have other co-morbidities as it is high in dietary fibre.

The qualitative phytochemical screening of five medicinal plants, Uvaria chamae, Securidaca longipedunculata, Nauclea latifolia, Terminalia glaucescens and Phyllathus niruri, used locally for treatment of various ailments in Ikabigbo Community, Etsako West Local Government Area, Edo State was determined. The leaves of the selected plants were used for the analysis following standard methods for phytochemical screen.The results showed that terpenoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, phlobatannins and flavonoids were present in the extracts. The presence of these phytochemicals are associated to the curative nature of these plant part, hence are used in the treatment of various ailments in the community.

Vanda tessellata is an epiphytic, perennial, and medicinally rich orchid species wildly distributed in nature. The presence of various types of bioactive compounds was documented previously. In the present study, the authors designed the experiment to verify the presence of pharmacologically relevant biomolecules and their capability to mitigate microbial diseases. For this, the authors followed a screening of primary metabolites, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity effect test. Results confirmed the presence of bioactive compounds, and it was found that antioxidant activity was highest in aqueous extract. The occurrence of phenol was found high in the root of V. tessellata which implies the cytotoxicity activity was high in ethanol and acetone extract. Hence, it is concluded that V. tessellata can be subjected to the development of antimicrobial drugs in the future.