Research Paper in Green Chemistry

Investigations on Minor Constituents of Indigenous Apis Dorsata and Apis Cerana Indica Honey of Mysore District, Karnataka.

Balasubramanyam, M.V

Multifloral honey of indigenous dwarf honeybee A. dorsata (wild) and Indian hivebee, A. cerana indica (apiary) were collected from Mysore, Karnataka and its minor constituents like minerals, vitamins and proteins were determined during February 2015 to March 2016. The potassium content of honey of A.florea was 70.12 ppm while honey of A.cerana had 68.50ppm. The potassium content of honey of A .florea was highest (70.12 ppm), and honey of A. cerana was least (68.50ppm). The chromium content of honey of A.florea was maximum (0.027ppm) while, honey of A.cerana was minimum (0.025ppm). The thiamine (B1) content of honey of A.florea was 0.09 μ gms., while honey of A.cerana was highest of 0.08 μ gms. The pyridoxine (B6) content of honey of A. dorsata was maximum of 1.80 μ gms. and minimum of 1.44 μ gms. from A cerana honey. The protein content of honey of A.florea was highest (0.67%) and least (0.59%) from honey of A.cerana. The potassium of honey from all two honeybee species was statistically significant at 1 % (p<0.01) level and chromium of honey from all two honeybee species was not statistically significant at 1% (p<0.01) level. The thiamine (B1) content of honey from all two honeybee species was not statistically significant at 1 %( p<0.01) level and pyridoxine (B6) content of honey of wild and apiary honeybee species was not statistically significant at 1% level (p<0.01). The protein content of honey from two honeybee species was not statistically significant at 1 % level (p<0.01). Results clearly exemplify honey of A.florea had relatively higher minor constituents than that of A.cerana. Further, studies obviously indicate that quality of honey of wild and apiary honeybee species are equally good with subtle variations which are discussed in ensuing paper.

Zooplankton distribution in river Narmada at Hoshangabad, Madhya Pradesh. India

Priyanka Upadhyay, Vipin Vyas and Kamlesh Borana

The present paper deals with the zooplankton composition, seasonal fluctuation and diversity indices in river Narmada, Hoshangabad from September 2014 to February 2016. The zooplankton composition of river Narmada at eight sampling stations were composed 38 species belonging to 4 group viz. Rotifer, Copepoda, Protozoa and Cladocera. The zooplankton community was dominated by Rotifers (71%) followed by Copepods (13%), Protozoans (11%) and Cladocerans (5%). Several types of indices such as dominance index (Simpson, 1949) varied from 0.5529 to0.80488 While Shannon’s diversity index 1.08872 to 1.955 and Margalef’s index of river Narmada varied from 1.0916 to 2.34333 were calculated. The dominance of Brachionus is an indication that the high levels of organic matter in the river.

Corrosion Inhibitors Based on Antibacterial Drug’s for Protection of Mild Steel Corrosion in different corrosive acid medium

Suraj B. Ade and N.V. Shitole

Corrosion inhibition of antibacterial drugs was evaluated using weight loss method in 0.1M, 0.01M and 0.001M (HCl, HNO3 and H2SO4) a different corrosive acid medium solution for mild steel. It was found that the antibacterial drugs had a promising inhibitory action against corrosion of mild steel. Thus inhibition efficiency was obtained of various antibacterial drugs. Antibacterial drug’s showed high surface activity. Increasing the surface activity of the inhibitor solutions is accompanied by an increase in corrosion inhibition efficiency. The purpose of this study is to understand the inhibitor behaviour of specific drug against mild steel corrosion and their adsorption mechanism on the surface.

Impact of Hydrogen Sulfide Gas on Environment

R. P. Prajapati

Hydrogen sulfide is an environmentally hazardous gas which is a by-product of many industrial processes such as oil refining, gas processing and wastewater treatment facilities. It can be found in many gas streams which are used as energy sources or chemical feedstocks. Industrially, even low amounts of this compound can affect the process efficiency and equipment life in industry. Hydrogen sulfide is an extremely toxic and irritating gas. It can affect the human health if it is inhaled or it comes in contact with eyes, skin, nose or throat. Oxidation of hydrogen sulfide and its incineration produce sulphur dioxide (SO2) which can be converted to sulphuric acid (H2SO4) with water and is one of the main reasons for acid rain1-3. Acid rain causes acidification of lakes and streams that kills aquatic animals and in addition, accelerates the soil erosion and decay of building materials and paints. For minimization of H2S gas on environment need to proper control of sulphur related compound and their raw materials which used in industry, for production of different materials. For the oxidation of H2S to sulphur activated carbon is best and effective catalyst for direct oxidation of hydrogen sulfide because of cheap and abundant precursors, highly developed porosity, and flexible surface chemistry4,5. Using this in air no bulky or waste material produces and requires no further purification. In other hand, microbiological oxidation can be used for feed with low H2S concentration by oxidizing hydrogen sulphide to elemental sulfur or to sulphate by using dissolved oxygen, metal oxides (e. g. iron oxyhyroxides and manganese oxides) or nitrate as oxidant. A variety of technologies are available to minimize H2S gas on environment from their sources6-9. The hydrogen sulfide can be minimizing by physical, chemical and biotechnological methods. Generally biotechnological methods are cheap andgive higher efficiency and do not require any secondary treatments compared to the others methods. 

Green Chemistry: An Efficient Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Disubstituted 3,4-dihydro-
2H-1,3-thiazin-4-ones

Esam A. Ishak, Tamer El Malah and H. M. A. Abdelzaher

An efficient and greener approach has been developed for the Synthesis of 6-arylamino-5-cyano-2, 3-dihydro-1,3-thiazin-4(1H)-ones, using Lemon juice as a natural catalyst. It was prepared via condensation of 3-arylamino-2-cyano-3- mercaptoacrylamides with several of aldehydes. The reaction proceeded in short period of time with excellent yields all the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their anti-bacterial and antifungal activities.